The government is appealing to everyone to save water.

(4) appeal to sth 诉诸/求助于某物

We will appeal to a variety of sources of information.

6. criticize v批评，评论 critical adj批评的，爱挑剔的，决定性的,危险的 criticism n. 批评，评论

1). He was criticized for not performing his duty.

2). The teacher is critical of（爱批评）his students.

3). We are at a critical time in our history.我们正处在历史的紧要关头。

　４). I have two criticisms of your plan. 我对你的计划有两条批评意见。

7. be restricted to 限于

课文原句 The Harry Potter effect is not just restricted to the English-speaking world.

The sale of alcohol is restricted to people over the age of 18.

One family is restricted to having one child.

Restrict...to同义短语是limit...to...

8. distribute vt. （书报的）发行；分发；分配；分布 distribution n.

　It has been estimated that more than 250 million copies have been distributed around the world.

　The plant is distributed throughout China.

The Red Cross supervised(监督) the distribution of food and clothing to the earthquake victims.

distribute sth to/among ...把...分发给

9. accumulate v. 积累，积聚

课文原句 In 2005 it was estimated that Rowling had accumulated more than one billion dollars on deposit in her bank.

By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.

Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.

10. attain v. 达到，得到

我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。I made up my mind to attain my purpose at any cost.

attain one's goal 达到目的 attain one's ambition实现抱负 attain to 达到，获得，到达

11. punish vt. 因（做）某事而惩罚某人punish sb for doing sth punishment n. 惩罚

His father punished him for cheating in the exam.

　习惯接sb for doing sth的动词

　①表示"批评、惩罚" criticize, punish

　②表示"开除、解雇" discharge, dismiss, fire

　③表示"原谅、感激" excuse, forget, pardon, thank

12. burden n.& vt. 负担，重负He was always a burden to his parents.

burden sb with 让某人负担...I don't want to burden the others with my troubles.

be burdened with 负担...The students are burdened with too much homework.

13. Harry Potter has even become part of the school curriculum, much to the pleasure of the schoolchildren.

to the +情感类名词+of sb.=to one's +情感类名词。

to one's surprise/amazement/astonishment/ joy/happiness/ delight/ regret/ disappointment

/satisfaction

14. A young man was walking though a wood when he saw a ring lying on the ground.

when作"这时"的四个句型

be doing...when...

be about to do...when...