in some cases 在某些情况下，有时候

　　(教材P6)In some cases，different parts of speech (usually a noun and a verb) have the same spelling but different meanings.在某些情况下，不同的词性(通常是名词和动词)有相同的拼写但不同的含义。

　　in any case 　　　　　无论如何，总之

　　in case 假使；免得；以防(万一)

　　in case of 假使；万一

　　in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话

　　in no case 决不(置于句首，引起倒装)

　　as is often the case 通常就是这样；这是常有的事

　　①There's no point complaining now－we're leaving tomorrow in any case.现在抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开。

　　②It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　Michael很体贴，他通知我们他的延误以免我们担心。

　　③In no case are you to leave your post.你决不能离开你的岗位。

　　 reduce vt.& vi.减少

　　(教材P9)The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research.最近新的研究表明令人愉快的气味可能会减少痛苦。

　　(1)reduce to　　　　　　　　　降低到/下降到......

　　reduce by 减少了......

　　be reduced to... 沦落为......；迫使......

(2)reduction n. 减少