2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修8创新教案:Unit 1 Section 3
2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修8创新教案:Unit 1 Section 3第3页

  在复合句中充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可以作介词和非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词、分词)和某些形容词的宾语。

  1.that 引导的宾语从句

  由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that只起引导词作用,在句中不做成分,在口语和非正式文体中常省去。如果从句是并列句时,只有第一个连词that可以省略,第二个分句前的that不能省略。

  Everyone knows that the earth is made up of material.

  每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。

  He said (that) the text was important and that we should recite it.(第二个that不能省略)

  他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该背诵它。

  2.if/whether引导的宾语从句

  动词后的宾语从句用if或whether引导均可,但介词后的宾语从句只能用whether引导。

  Could you tell me whether/if it snows in winter in Australia?

  你能告诉我澳大利亚的冬天是否会下雪?

  Everything depends on whether you are for it.

  每件事情都取决于你是否赞成它。

  3.wh­引导的宾语从句

  who/whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how等引导宾语从句时,在从句中担当一定的成分,从句要用陈述语序。

  Pay attention to what the teacher said.

  注意老师说的话。

  We haven't decided when we'll set off for home.

  我们还未决定何时动身回家。

  4.宾语从句的注意事项

  (1)如果动词宾语后有补语,那么要使用it作形式宾语,然后把宾语从句放在补语之后。

  We think it possible that you can finish the work today.

  我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。

  (2)在like, enjoy, love, hate, take等表示"喜怒哀乐"的动词后跟宾语从句时,需跟形式宾语 it。

  I take it that you will agree with us.

  我认为你会赞成我们的。

  (3)demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等表示"要求、命令、建议"的动词后的宾语从句的谓语常用"(should+)动词原形"。

  The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.

  司令员命令部队马上出发。

  (4)若主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,且句子为一般现在时,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语前,从句谓语用肯定式。

  I don't think this dress fits you well.

  我认为这裙子不是很合你的身。

  (5)时态的呼应与语序

  在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序,时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则:

  ①如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态。

  Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?

  你能确定爱丽丝把金戒指放到什么地方了吗?

  Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night?

  你知道他昨晚八点和谁一起说话吗?

  ②如果主句谓语是一般过去时,宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态。

  He said he would come to see us the next day.

他说他明天将来看我们。