关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语。
1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,"which"代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略"that"在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,"which"在从省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]
2. 不及物动词+介词"的介词的宾语代词"wh"放在它原来的位置。
3. 代表物时多这时的that常被省略;
c)被形容词最高级修饰时;既有人又有物时;
e)整个句中前面已有"which","wh"行
关系副词:在句中作状语
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on which(介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/...... which(介词同先行词搭配)
1. "where"是关系副词,当然也不用"that"引导。
By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期。
I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地方。
Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 他每次出差都带来了生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他东西。
3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用"there is"开头。
There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 这里有人要和你说话。
分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。