2019-2020同步译林英语必修四新突破讲义:Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——直接引语和间接引语 Word版含答案
2019-2020同步译林英语必修四新突破讲义:Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——直接引语和间接引语 Word版含答案第2页

  一、基本概念

  引述或转述别人的话称为"引语"。直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出,叫作直接引语。用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号的叫作间接引语。

  直接引语变为间接引语时,需在时态形式、人称代词、指示代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语以及语序等方面作相应的变化。

  "I like singing,"she said.(直接引语)

  →She said she liked singing.(间接引语)

  她说她喜欢唱歌。

  "Don't touch anything,"he said.(直接引语)

  →He told us not to touch anything.(间接引语)

  他告诉我们不要碰任何东西。

  二、直接引语变为间接引语时各种句式的转换

  1.引述陈述句时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常被省略。),引述动词主要用say,tell,repeat,answer,reply,explain,announce,declare,think等。

  He said,"I like it very much."

  →He said that he liked it very much.

  他说他非常喜欢它。

  He said,"I've left my book in your room."

  →He told me that he had left his book in my room.

  他告诉我他把书忘在我房间里了。

  2.引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时,通常用whether或if引导,而引述选择疑问句时,一般只能用whether引导,引述动词用asked,语序用陈述句语序。

  She said,"Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?"

  →She asked me if/whether I liked watching the advertisements on TV.

  她问我是否喜欢看电视上的广告。

  He asked,"They live in groups,don't they?"

  →He asked whether/if they lived in groups.

  他问他们是否是群居。

  He asked,"Are you a teacher or a student?"

→He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student.他问我是老师还是学生。