④Having_spent (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.

　　⑤Seeing (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.

　　2．现在分词的语态

　　使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。

　　Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)

　　被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。

　　Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)

　　完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。

　　[即时演练3]　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Being_talked (talk) to, you should look into the eyes of the person.

　　②Having_been_told (tell) for several times, he still couldn't understand the rules.

　　③Having_received (receive) his reply, she rang him up.

　　④Having_been_asked (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

　　3．动词­ing形式的否定式：not＋v.­ing; not having＋v.­ed

　　Not knowing this, he didn't come.

　　他不知道这件事，所以没来。

　　Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.

　　因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。

　　4．独立主格

　　动词­ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。

　　The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.

　　那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。

　　The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.

　　由于天气好，我们去散步了。

　　[即时演练4]

　　(1)补全句子

　　①The_lecture_having_been_given (讲座结束后), a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　②Spring_coming_on (春天来了), the trees turned green.

(2)用现在分词的独立主格结构改写下列句子