He________ his income in five years.

2. arise vi. 产生；发生；出现

Serious disagreements often arise between the couple.

Soon after that, there arouse new problems which seemed insoluble.

　　　　　vi. 站起来，起身

He arose and walked to the door.

3. apply 1. 适用于

The new rules of safe driving _________ everyone.

　　　　　　　　2. 运用

Scientific discoveries are often ___________ industrial production methods.

　　　　　　　　3. 申请

He applied to be transferred to another department.

She has applied for a post in that company.

偏激的见解 _________________________ 严寒 _________________

在健康的环境中 _______________________ 周围的风景 ___________________

危险的信号 ________________________ 交通堵塞 ______________________ 为。。。而处某人罚金 ___________________ 集中注意力于 _____________________

应某人邀请 _________________________ 人行横道 _______________________

意欲，企图做某事 _____________________ 负起当心。。。的责任 _________________

Sentences:

1．Traffic accidents cause many deaths and injuries every year, so learning how to protect yourself from danger on the roads is very important.

句中learning how to protect yourself from danger on the roads是动名词短语在句中充当主语。

Protect sb. against/protect sb. from sth. 保护自己免受（伤害。。。）

2. this is true of road accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.

Be true of适用于

Affect=have an effect on

3． Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while driving has increased by 30 percent.