聚焦定语从句

--"关系副词、介词 + 关系代词"篇

例句呈现

先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下黑体部分的用法。

1) Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA?

2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down.

3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn't catch the bus.

4) I have read the book in which you are interested.

5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan.

6) This is the book which she is looking for.

小结归纳

when通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）；where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）；而why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）；当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为"介词 + 关系代词"，即：when / where 可转化为on / in / at等 + which，why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3）。另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把"介词 + 关系代词(which / whom)"一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。