M3U1 The world of our senses学案

Grammar and usage

第一部分：重点讲解

　名词性从句和名词一样，在句中可以担任主语、表语、宾语（动词宾语和介词宾语）和同位语。因此我们说名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句必须用陈述句语序,也就是说, (疑问词) + 主语 + 谓语 + 其它.

主语从句

　在复合句中作主语的句子称为主语从句, 从句作主语, 谓语动词用单数；通常由从属连词that, whether, 连接代词who, whose, what, which, whatever（无论什么）, whoever（无论谁）, whichever（无论哪个）或连接副词when, where, why, how等引导。

eg.1)* Whether we can reduce the use of energy is important.

2)* That pollution has become a serious problem in parts of the world is known to everyone.

3) What is needed is greater safety.

4) Whoever breaks the rules must be punished.

5)* How life began remains a puzzle to us.

6) It is said that paper was first made in China.

7) It seems that he is older.

8) It's certain that the sports meeting will be delayed.

9) It doesn't matter if you have no time to do it.

注意：1. 陈述句必须以that 引导, 不能省略。

2. 主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导。

3. 常用it作形式主语，代替真正的主语从句，但不能代替由what引导的主语从句。

4. 常用于It + be + adj. / n. / + that-clause

　It's certain / clear / a pity /a fact/ common knowledge/ said / hoped ...+ that / whether...

　It's natural/ strange/ necessary/ important that... (should) ...

5.It doesn't matter if 是固定句型。

6. 句型：It is required/ suggested/ insisted/ ordered ...that...(should)+ do...

7.that 与what的区别：

that在从句中不充当任何成分，没有意思；