⑩that引导的定语从句,修饰earthquake。此处that不能换为which,因为先行词earthquake前有最高级修饰。
⑪take place 发生
⑫last ...持续(一段时间),此时last是不及物动词。
⑬cause vt.引起;导致 cause sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事
环太平洋地区的地震
[第1~3段译文]
每天世界上大约会发生400次地震,每年会发生10万多次。
中国位于世界上地震活动最频繁的地区之一,并且已经发生了很多次可怕的地震。最严重的一次于1556年发生在陕西省的华县。那次地震影响了中国中部的8个省份,波及800平方千米。在一些社区,60%的人口丧生。(在那次地震中)总共83万人丧生。
1906年4月18日发生的加利福尼亚地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。它发生在凌晨5:15,持续了仅一分钟。然而,它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害。
Fires caused by the California Earthquake⑭ did the most damage⑮. The fires burned for three days, destroying a total of⑯ 25,000 buildings⑰. About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made homeless⑱. In the whole of⑲ California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 deaths⑳.
The 1906 earthquake was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault. One hundred years later, movements on the San Andreas Fault continue\s\up1(21(21) to cause problems for the whole of California.
⑭过去分词短语caused by the California Earthquake作定语,修饰fires,可转换成that/which were caused by the California Earthquake。
⑮damage/'dæmIdʒ/n.& v.损失;损害
damage为不可数名词,do/cause damage to对......造成损失。
⑯a total of总数......
⑰现在分词短语destroying a total of 25,000 buildings作结果状语。
⑱make sb.homeless使某人无家可归,此处用了make的被动语态。
⑲in the whole of在整个...... ⑳deaths指"死亡人数"。
\s\up1(21(21)continue to do/doing sth.继续做某事