一、动词短语的常见构成方式及特点
1.动词+副词
该类动词短语分及物的和不及物的两类。
Please turn off every light in the house.
请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物)
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.
晚会后,人们都已离去,哈里出现了。(不及物)
2.动词+介词
该类动词短语相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开,宾语只能放在介词之后。
I'm looking for my glasses.
我在找我的眼镜。
Taking enough exercise contributes to good health.
进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。
[名师点津] 同一动词和不同介词搭配时,意义上有很大差异。look after "照料";loot at "看";loot for "寻找";look into "调查"。
3.动词+副词+介词
I look forward to seeing you soon.
我盼望不久就见到你。
How can you put up with all these for so long?
你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间?
[名师点津] (1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时,副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开。
(2)如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间。
He gave the secret away.
=He gave away the secret.
他泄露了秘密。
The basket is very light. I can easily pick it up.
这个篮子很轻,我可以容易地拿起来。
二、常见重点动词短语
1.以break为中心的短语
break away from 脱离,逃离,甩掉
break down 消除,粉碎,瓦解;出故障,拋锚
break into 闯入;强行进入