＝She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.

她坐在桌边看报纸。

4．用作条件状语时相当于if, unless引导的从句。

Working hard(＝If you work hard)，you'll succeed.

如果你努力工作，你就会成功。

5．用作结果状语时相当于so，so that等引导的从句。

The poor old man died，leaving nothing to his children.

＝The old man was so poor when he died that he left nothing to his children.

那位贫穷的老人去世了，没有给自己的孩子留下什么。

[特别提示]

现在分词作结果状语常指自然而然的结果，而不定式作结果状语是表示一种意想不到的结果。

His father died，leaving him a lot of money.

他父亲死了，留给他一大笔钱。

He hurried to get to the station，only to find the film star had left.

他匆匆到达车站结果却发现那个影星已经离开了。

6．用作让步状语时相当于though，although等引导的从句。

Admitting what he said(Though I admit what he said)，I still think he hasn't tried his best.

尽管我承认他说的话，我仍然认为他没有尽全力。

[特别提示]

动词­ing形式的否定式通常是在­ing形式前加否定副词not。

Not knowing what to do，he asked the teacher for advice.因为不知道该做什么，他向老师请教。

即时跟踪1　用所给动词的正确形式填空

(1)"We can't go out in this weather，" said Bob，looking(look) out of the window.

(2)When leaving(leave) the airport，they waved again and again to us.

(3)Looking(look) ugly，these chocolate cookies don't sell well even though they taste good.

(4)He hurried to the stadium without supper，only to be told(tell) the football match he had been longing to watch was cancelled.

(5)Not realizing(realize) that he was in great danger，Eric walked deeper into the forest.

三、v.­ing的时态和语态

1．v.­ing的主动语态，分为一般式和完成式两种。现在分词一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行；而完成式所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。