Natural science embraces many subjects.自然科学包括许多学科。

(5) involve指"由于同主要的有联系而必须含有", 如:

Housekeeping involves cooking, washing and cleaning.家务包括烹饪、洗衣和清扫等。

4.But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.

It is +adj +for sb. + to do... 这个结构的形容词常常是easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary等, 常与事物的特征有关

Eg. It is difficult for the boy to work out the problem. It is important for us to learn English well.

拓展:It is + adj. + of sb. + to do...这个结构的形容词常常是good, kind, nice, wrong, clever, silly, (im)polite等, 常与人的性格特点有关

It's very kind of you to help me. It was impolite of him to speak to the teacher like that.

5. make a list of 列出

6. six out of seven 七分之六，七中有六

7. gold medal, silver medal and bronze medal 金牌，银牌和铜牌

Paragraph 2.

1. But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life.

第一句是强调句型。强调句型的结构形式为"It + be的适当形式+被强调成分+ that /who+其他"。在该句型中, it无实际意义, 且不可用this或that 替换; 若原句的谓语用了现在时或将来时, 则be动词用is; 若原句的谓语动词用了过去时, 则be动词用was。有时为了表达需要,也可在be前加上may/ might/ must 等情态动词；若被强调部分是人, 引导词用who或that均可；若是强调其他部分,则一律用that。翻译时常加上"正是......； 就是......"等字眼,以突现其强调含义。如：

It is China that will host the 2008 Olympics in Beijing.正是中国将在北京举办2008年奥运会。

It was the film HERO that made him know Zhang Yimou.就是电影《英雄》使他认识了张艺谋。

这个句型可以用来强调一个句子中除了谓语以外的任何成分。