词短语、连词、分词短语或其他方式表示。常用的表达有：without, but for, otherwise, or及but等。

　　-But for your timely warning, we would have got into great trouble.

　　-Well, you know we're friends.

　　--要不是你及时警告，我们也许已经陷入大的麻烦中了。

　　--好了，你知道我们是朋友啊。

　　-Did you go to the lecture by the visiting professor?

　　-No. I would have attended it, but I've been busy taking care of my grandma in hospital these days.

　　--你去听那个客座教授的讲座了吗？

　　--没有。我本来要去听的，但这几天我一直忙着在医院照看我奶奶。

　　2．错综条件句中的虚拟语气

　　在错综条件句中，if从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照对应的时间而定。

　　If it had rained last night, it would be very cold today.

　　如果昨天夜里下了雨，今天会很冷。(从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)

　　If I were you, I would have chosen to take the job.

　　如果我是你，我当时就选择接受那份工作。(从句是对现在的假设，主句是对过去的假设)

　　[即时演练2]　补全句子

　　①(2017·天津高考改编)-Do you have Betty's phone number?

　　-Yes. Otherwise, I wouldn't have been able to reach her yesterday.

　　--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？

　　--是的。否则，我昨天就不能联系到她了。

　　②(2015·重庆高考改编)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　如果海明威没有战争经历的话，他就不会写出著名的小说《永别了，武器》。

　　③(2014·江西高考改编)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it otherwise.

　　谢谢你告诉我们怎么到达那所房子，要不然，我们会找不到的。

　　④(2014·浙江高考改编)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they would have come to our help.

在我们进行这项调查的这几个月里他们在国外，要不然，他们就会来帮助我们的。