① 主语。在这句话中what=a place that
② in all directions 向四面八方
⑶Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.
然而王平在电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下,于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术似的从地板下面升了起来。
① from under the floor 从地板下面
② as if by magic 像变魔术那样
as if = as though "似乎,好像"引导方式状语从句
⑷Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。
过去分词hit 在句中做状语,表示与主句中动作伴随发生的情况,相当于一个状语从句。
hit by---= Because I was hit by----
课文中类似的句子还有
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⑸Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to -date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。
这是一个完全倒装句,句子的真正主语是 an exhibition.
表示方位的副词或介词短语,如 here, there , up, down, in, away, off, out, 等置于句首时,常引起完全倒装
eg. Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲出去了。
In front of the house stands a tall tree. 在房子的前面有一棵大树。
三.语法分析
过去分词作定语和状语
1. 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语时,和所修饰的中心名词之间存在被动关系,可以转化成一个定语从句。
eg. I like the books(which were) written by Ba Jin. 我喜欢巴金写的书。
2.过去分词作状语
过去分词做状语时,常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步等含义,相当于一个状语从句,一般用逗号与其他成分隔开。过去分词做状语时,他的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,与句子主语是被动关系。过去分词表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生,或者与谓语表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生
eg.Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks more beautiful.
四.知识详解
1.impression n. 印象,感想(后面常与·on 连用)
The beauty of West Lake made a deep impression on me.
西湖的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。