Magic needles: Chinese acupuncture①

　　One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of 'magic needles'， or Chinese acupuncture.It was developed long ago, perhaps as early as 2000 BC.There is evidence that acupuncture began during the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian (砭) were used to press areas of the body②.

　　As acupuncture developed③， the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles.Eventually④， metal needles began to appear and took their place⑤.There were nine different kinds of needles.These included a needle with a head like an arrow, used for making shallow⑥ holes in the surface of the skin; a needle with a round tip, used for pressing the tissue under the skin; a dull⑦ needle, used for tapping against pressure points⑧； and a needle like a small sword⑨， used for⑩ letting liquid out⑪ of body parts which had swollen up⑫.These needles could be made of⑬ different metals, such as gold and silver.Some acupuncturists⑭ today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority⑮ use only stainless⑯ steel ones.The main needle now used for acupuncture is fine⑰ and sharp⑱.Most of the others have been replaced by more complex⑲ medical instruments.For example, the needle looking like a sword has been replaced by a sharp knife that doctors use in operations⑳. 　　①acupuncture/'ækjʊpʌŋktʃə(r)/n.针刺疗法

　　②There is evidence that ...有证据表明......，其中that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容；when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the Stone Age；定语从句中过去分词短语called bian作stone tools的后置定语。

　　③as引导时间状语从句，表示"随着"。

　　④eventually adv.最终，最后

　　⑤take one's place代替......的位置

　　⑥shallow adj.浅的

　　⑦dull/dʌl/adj.钝的，不锋利的；迟钝的

　　⑧pressure point n．压觉点，止血点　⑨sword/sɔːd/n.剑，刀

　　⑩四个used for ...短语均用作后置定语。

　　⑪let out放出，发出

　　⑫swell/swel/vi.& vt.肿胀，膨胀；(使)凸出，鼓起

　　swell up肿胀，膨胀

　　⑬be made of由......制成

　　⑭acupuncturist/'ækjʊpʌŋktʃərIst/n.针灸师，针疗医师

　　⑮the majority大多数(针灸师)，相对于前面的some而言。

　　⑯stainless/'steInləs/adj.不生锈的　stainless steel n．不锈钢

　　⑰fine adj.纤细的，极细的

　　⑱sharp/ʃɑːp/adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的

　　⑲complex/'kɒmpleks/adj.复杂的，难懂的n.建筑群

　　⑳that doctors use in operations是that引导定语从句，修饰a sharp knife。 　　

　　神针：中国针刺疗法

　　[第1～2段译文]

　　"神针"艺术，或称中国针刺疗法，是最有名的中医疗法之一。很久之前它就被研制出来，也许早至公元前2000年。有证据表明针刺疗法始于石器时代，那时一种叫"砭"的石器被用来按压身体部位。

　　随着针刺疗法的发展，简易的砭石被石针所代替。最终，金属针开始出现并取代了石针。当时有九种不同种类的针，包括：头部像箭的针，用于在皮肤表面刺出小孔；头部是圆形的针，用来按压皮下组织；钝头针，用于敲打压觉点；形似小剑的针，用于将液体从身体的肿胀部位导出。这些针由金、银等不同的金属制成。一些针灸师如今仍使用金针和银针，但大部分医师只使用不锈钢制成的针。如今，用于针刺疗法的主针细而锋利。其他大多数的针已被更为复杂的医疗器械所代替。例如，剑形针已被手术时医生所使用的锋利的手术刀所取代。

　　Acupuncture uses stainless steel needles that are put into the skin at certain points on the body\s\up1(21(21) so that a disease can be cured or a health problem solved\s\up1(22(22).These points are called acupuncture points.When acupuncture was first practised, there were 365 such points.The number of\s\up1(23(23) acupuncture points was the same as the number of days in a year.However, over the last 2,000 years\s\up1(24(24)， this number has gradually increased to\s\up1(25(25) about 2,000.Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while\s\up1(26(26) others select points according to\s\up1(27(27) the symptoms that the patient has\s\up1(28(28).

　　If you go to an acupuncturist, he or she will ask you questions about your medical history and your way of life.The acupuncturist will look at the colour of your skin and your tongue, listen to your breathing, and check your pulses\s\up1(29(29).Western medicine only recognizes\s\up1(30(30) one pulse which indicates the heartbeat\s\up1(31(31).However, according to traditonal Chinese medicine, there are twelve different pulses, six on each wrist\s\up1(32(32)， and every one of them is connected with\s\up1(33(33) a major body organ\s\up1(34(34) or its function.By checking all the pulses, the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy. 　　\s\up1(21(21)that are put into ...the body为定语从句，修饰needles。

　　\s\up1(22(22)so that a disease ...为so that引导的目的状语从句。

　　\s\up1(23(23)the number of ......的数目，作主语时，句子谓语动词用单数形式。of后接可数名词复数。

　　\s\up1(24(24)over the last 2,000 years在过去的2 000年间。此类短语通常与现在完成时连用。

　　\s\up1(25(25)increase to增长到　increase by增长了

　　\s\up1(26(26)while表示对比，意为"而"。

　　\s\up1(27(27)according to按照，根据

　　\s\up1(28(28)that the patient has是定语从句，修饰the symptoms。

　　\s\up1(29(29)pulse/pʌls/n.脉，脉搏；脉冲

　　\s\up1(30(30)recognize在此处表示"认可"。

　　\s\up1(31(31)heartbeat/'hɑːtbiːt/n.心跳

　　\s\up1(32(32)wrist/rIst/n.手腕，腕关节

　　\s\up1(33(33)be connected with与......连接/相关

　　\s\up1(34(34)organ/'ɔːgən/n.器官；管风琴，风琴；机构，团体