语法点二 主语从句的连接词及其句法功能 1.连接词that和whether/if
(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,本身无任何意义,只起连接作用,但不可省略。
That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.
我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会,这对我们来说是个好消息。
(2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,起连接作用,意为"是否",不可省略。
Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.
= It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
[点津] whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需用it作形式主语。
即时演练1
完成句子
①That_she_could_come_to_help_us made us very happy.
她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
②Whether_he_can_finish_his_task_on_time is of great importance.
他能否按时完成任务非常重要。
2.连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等)。连接代词引导主语从句,在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Who will go to the concert is unknown.
不知道谁会去听音乐会。
Whoever did this job must be rewarded.
无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。
What the lecturer said is of great value.
演讲者所讲的非常有价值。
[点津] who 引导的主语从句表示一件"事情",而whoever引导的主语从句指"人"。
3.连接副词(when, where, how, why等)。连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
When we will have a meeting is an important question.
我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。
How they will solve the serious problem hasn't been decided.
他们将怎样解决这个严重的问题还没有决定。
[点津] 名词性从句引导词的确定步骤: