归纳拓展

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①(朗文P1786)Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career.

酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。

②(牛津P1747)A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。

③Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.

经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。

易混辨析

damage，harm，hurt，ruin，destroy

这五个动词均有"损害，伤害"之意。

(1)damage多用于无生命的东西，指"价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，而且还可以修复"。这种损坏是自然灾害或人为过失造成的。

(2)harm指对人或物的伤害或损坏，侧重身体或心理上的伤害。

(3)hurt指任何肉体或精神上的伤害，强调其痛苦的后果。

(4)ruin通常指无可挽回的伤害，但不一定指完全毁灭，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。此外ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的"坏了"。

(5)destroy强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉；也可用于比喻，表示"打破(希望、计划)，使失败"。

①You will ruin no more lives as you ruined mine.

②There was an unexpected explosion in our street，but our building wasn't harmed at all.

③The fire destroyed most of the buildings.

④You'll hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday.

⑤Jack had an accident and damaged his bike.

4．翻译句子

地震过后，全城到处是断壁残垣。

________________________________________________________________________

答案：The earthquake left the whole city in ruins.

★5.(2011年盐城统考)With the reputation ________，food companies need to ________ their image.

A．ruining；promote

B．ruined；polish up

C．to ruin；improve

D．to be ruined；change

解析：选D。第一空考查with引导的复合结构，to be ruined表示将要被毁坏，而ruined表示已彻底毁坏。第二空考查动词辨析。promote"促进"；polish up"修改，润饰"；improve"提高，改善(生活)"；change"改变"。根据句意，D项正确。

3. drive　v．　驱使，迫使；驱赶；驾驶，开车

n．　开车旅行，开车路程；驱动器

(回归课本P48)The heat almost drove me crazy even though I was wearing very thin cotton trousers to keep me cool.

尽管我穿着很薄的棉裤保持凉爽，但是热量还是逼得我要发疯。

归纳拓展

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