1. happen多用于偶然事情的发生，后面可跟happen to do sth 意为"碰巧，恰巧"；happen to sb意为"......发生在某人身上" 。如：

Do you happen to know his telephone number?

If anything happens to you, tell me at once.

2. occur多指意外事故、自然灾害的发生，虽也指"偶然性"，但程度比happen弱。Occur的常见搭配还有：sth occur to sb意为"突然想到......"。如：

The terrible traffic accident occurred on the No 318 highway in the morning.

This idea suddenly occurred to me.

3. take place不带有"偶然"之意，常指经过安排的事情的发生。如：

The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.

【词条2】cause

【课文原句】There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, which cause huge waves, heavy rain and floods. (Page 25)

【点拨】

cause 此处意为"导致、引起"，后接名词、代词作宾语，也可接不定式作复合宾语，还可接双宾语。如：

What caused his illness?

The old car has caused me a lot of trouble.

【拓展】

1. cause 也可作名词，意为"原因，起因"，后可接of 短语或不定式。如：

The cause of the accident was carelessness.

2. cause 和reason

(1) cause强调导致某种结果的原因，即指事物发生的直接原因。如：

The heavy rain was the cause of the flood.

(2) reason 作名词，意为"理由，原因"，着重指在逻辑推理上引出的结论的原因，其后介词多用for。如：

He has no good reason for doing that.

注意：cause 后不接why 引导的定语从句，而reason 后则可。如：

The reason why he died young was that he didn't pay attention to his health.

【词条3】destroy, furniture, leave

【课文原句】They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was. (Page 23)

【点拨1】destroy vt. 在此处意为"破坏, 毁坏"。如：

The building was completely destroyed by the big fire.

【拓展】destroy, injure, damage

destroy指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般很难修复。如：

All his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal.

damage 指"损害，损失"，损坏后价值或效率降低，一般是部分性的，还能修复，多用于无生命名词。如：

The earthquake damaged several buildings.

injure多指意外的伤害，在事故中受伤，大多造成容颜、功能的损害等。如：

One of the players injured his knees and was carried off.

【点拨2】

leave 此处作"使......处于某状态"讲，宾补可以是介词短语、形容词、分词等。如：

Leave the door open, please.

Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.

【拓展】leave sb. to do sth. 意为"交给（委托）某人干某事"，如：

She will leave me to look after her baby.他要委托我照看她的孩子。

【词条4】 put up, put down

【课文原句】Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street－or even in