爱迪生离开了美国，宁愿放弃他的财产。

Having finished my work，I went home.

工作做完之后，我就回家了。

Having been held back by the traffic jam，she couldn't get there on time.

她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准时到达那里。

二、动词­ing形式作状语

动词­ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

1．时间状语

动词­ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生(动词­ing的完成时所表示的动作先于主句的动作)，有时可由连词when，while，after引出。

Hearing the result(＝When I heard the result)，I couldn't help jumping.

听到这个结果，我不禁跳了起来。

Having made full preparations(＝After we have made full preparations)，we are ready for the examination.

做了充分的准备之后，我们准备参加考试。

2．原因状语

可以与as/since/because等引导的原因状语从句转换。

Being so excited(＝As he was so excited)，he couldn't go to sleep that night.

由于非常激动，那晚他没睡着。

Having lived in the city for many years(＝Since I had lived in the city many years)，I knew it well.

因为在这个城市住了许多年，所以我对它很了解。

3．条件状语

可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。

Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons)，you will succeed.

如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。

Not making good use of the time(＝Unless you make good use of the time)，you'll regret.

如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。

4．结果状语

表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句，有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。

His father died，leaving him a lot of money(＝and left him a lot of money/which left him a lot of money)．