To swim in the sea in hot summer is very pleasant.

　　炎热的夏季在海里游泳很惬意。

　　Reading aloud is a good way to learn English.

　　大声朗读是学习英语的一个好方法。

　　[名师点津]　不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在后面；而动名词只能在一些特定的句式中用it作形式主语。

　　It is no use (no good, fun, a waste of time ...)＋doing sth.

　　 [即时演练2]　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Walking (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

　　②To_master (master) a foreign language calls for a great deal of memory work.

　　③It is difficult to_see (see) how more savings can be made.

　　④It is no use crying (cry)．

　　2．不定式和动名词作宾语

　　(1)except, but作介词时后面也可以跟不定式，但多用于否定句和疑问句。

　　He has no choice but to lie down and sleep.

　　他别无选择，只能躺下睡觉。

　　Tom did nothing last night except to watch TV.

　　除了看电视，汤姆昨晚什么也没干。

　　(2)下列动词(短语)后要用不定式作宾语：

　　agree, promise, learn, fail, decide, plan, ask, demand, want, hope, wish, expect, manage, offer, would like/love, refuse, pretend, choose等。

　　They managed to escape from the burning building.

　　他们成功地逃出了那座着火的大楼。

　　(3)下列动词(短语)后要用动名词作宾语：

　　allow/permit, consider, suggest/advise/propose/recommend, be busy, insist on, practise, admit, enjoy, look forward to, deny, delay, excuse, avoid, miss, give up, finish, risk, escape, imagine, appreciate等。

　　I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.

　　我很感激两年前被给予出国学习的机会。

　　(4)有些动词后既可用动名词又可用动词不定式作宾语。意义上无较大差别，常见的有：begin, start, continue, prefer, love, like等；而有些两者意义完全不同，常见的有：remember, forget, try, regret, mean等。

　　As soon as he arrived at the school, he began reading/to read his English book.

　　他一到学校就开始看英语书。

I liked playing/to play table tennis when I was a middle school student.