【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:语法解读 Module1 Europe Word版含解析
【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:语法解读 Module1 Europe Word版含解析第2页

  be动词,am,is,are,随着主语有变化,

  我是am,你是are,is跟着他、她、它,

  若是单数用is,若是复数都用are。

  若是三单作主语,后跟行为动词有变化,

  一般动词后加s,特殊情况单独记。

  若是s不见了,跑到前面变Does,

  摇身一变一般疑问句。

  肯定回答Yes,he/she does.否定回答No,he/she doesn't.

  所谓主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。英语中主谓一致可依据三条原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。

  1.语法一致

  (1)不定式、动名词、词组、句子作主语时说的是同一件事,谓语动词用单数。但如果不是同一件事,则用复数。如:

  What he said and what he did are different.

  他说的和他做的不同。

  (2)但是what引导的主语从句中,谓语动词形式要根据what从句所指代的内容(多通过表语来体现)来判断,如果表语为单数形式,谓语动词要用单数形式;如果表语为复数形式谓语动词也要用复数。如:

  What he gave us are lots of books.

  他给我们的是很多的书。

  (3)两个主语由with/as well as/together with/besides/rather than/but等来连接时,谓语动词的数由最前面的主语来确定。如:

  The teacher as well as the students has seen the film.

  老师和学生们看过这部电影。

  (4)用and,both...and...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式;若and连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有each,every,no或many a等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:

  In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.

  在我们国家每一个男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。

  但是and连接的并列主语如果是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时谓语动词为单数,and后面的名词没有冠词。如:bread and butter,knife and fork,cart and horse。

  The writer and worker is going to give us a talk.

  这位工人作家将给我们作报告。

  (5)倒装句谓语动词的数应与主语一致。如:

  Here comes the bus.车来了。

  但如果副词位于句首,主语为代词时,则主语在动词前。如:

  Here you are.给你。

  (6)由each,some,any,no,every构成的复合词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:

  Each of the children has a present.每一个孩子都有礼物。

  但是each作同位语时谓语动词形式要由主语决定,如主语为复数概念则谓语动词用复数。如:

  They each have a gun.他们每个人都有枪。

  (7)a lot of,plenty of,all,some,half,no,the rest of,分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语动词由后面名词的数来决定。如:

More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.