Joseph Haydn(1732－1809)was an Austrian composer① and is known as②"the father of the symphony③". Other composers had written symphonies before Haydn, but he changed the symphony into④ a long piece for a large orchestra⑤.

　　He was born in a village in Austria⑥， the son of a peasant⑦. He had a beautiful singing voice⑧. After studying music in Vienna⑨， Haydn went to work at the court\s\up1(10(10) of a prince⑪ in eastern Austria, where he became director⑫ of music. Having worked there for 30 years⑬， Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.

　　Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756－1791) was a composer, possibly the greatest musical genius⑭ of all time⑮. He only lived 35 years and he composed⑯ more than 600 pieces of music.

　　Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria. His father Leopold was a musician⑰ and orchestra conductor⑱. Wolfgang had musical⑲talent⑳ from a very early age. He learned to play the harpsichord\s\up1(21(21) when he was four, he started composing music when he was five, and when he was six, he played the harpsichord in a concert for the Empress\s\up1(22(22) of Austria.

　　By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed\s\up1(23(23) many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as\s\up1(24(24) for orchestras. While he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star and toured\s\up1(25(25) Europe giving concerts. Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with\s\up1(26(26) him. "He is the greatest composer the world has known\s\up1(27(27)，" he said.The two were friends until Mozart's death in 1791. 　　①composer/kəm'pəʊzə/n．作曲家

　　②be known as作为......而著名

　　③symphony/'sImfəni/n．交响乐；交响曲；交响乐团

　　④change ...into ...把......转变成......

　　⑤orchestra/'ɔːkIstrə/n．管弦乐队(团)

　　⑥Austria/'ɒstriə/n．奥地利

　　⑦peasant/'peznt/n．农民

　　the son of a peasant是he的同位语。

　　⑧voice n．嗓音；声音　singing voice 歌喉

　　⑨After studying ...为"介词＋现在分词短语"作状语。

　　⑩court /kɔːt/n.宫廷　⑪prince/prIns/n．王子；亲王

　　⑫director/də'rektə/n．指挥

　　where引导非限制性定语从句。

　　⑬现在分词的完成式作状语。

　　⑭genius/'dʒiːniəs/n．天才　⑮of all time有史以来

　　⑯compose/kəm'pəʊz/vt.作曲；创作

　　⑰musician/mju'zIʃn/n．音乐家

　　⑱conductor/kən'dʌktə/n．指挥

　　⑲musical/'mjuːzIkl/adj.音乐的

　　⑳talent/'tælənt/n．天分；天赋；才华

　　\s\up1(21(21)harpsichord n．拨弦键琴　\s\up1(22(22)empress n．皇后

　　\s\up1(23(23)by the time引导时间状语从句时，常和完成时连用。

　　\s\up1(24(24)as well as 也，又，还　\s\up1(25(25)tour/tʊə/vt.巡回演出

　　\s\up1(26(26)be impressed with 对......印象深刻

　　\s\up1(27(27)the world has known为composer的定语从句。

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　　约瑟夫·海顿1732-1809是一位奥地利作曲家，以"交响乐之父"著称。在他之前，也有作曲家写过交响乐，但是他把交响乐曲改成了适合大交响乐团演奏的长乐曲。

　　他出生在奥地利的一个村庄，是一个农民的儿子。他有着优美的嗓音。在维也纳学习音乐之后，海顿去奥地利东部一个王子的宫廷工作，在那里他成了音乐指挥家。在那儿工作了30年后，海顿搬到了伦敦，在那里，他非常成功。

　　沃尔夫冈·阿马迪厄斯·莫扎特1756-1791是一位作曲家，或许也是有史以来最伟大的音乐天才。他只活到35岁，却创作了600多首乐曲。

　　莫扎特出生在奥地利的萨尔茨堡。他的父亲莱波尔德是一位音乐家和乐队指挥。沃尔夫冈很小的时候就有音乐天赋。他4岁时学习弹拨弦键琴；5岁时开始作曲；6岁时，他在一场音乐会上为奥地利皇后弹奏拨弦键琴。

　　到莫扎特14岁时，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。当莫扎特还是个少年时，他就已经是一个大明星了，并在欧洲举办了巡回音乐会。海顿在1781年与莫扎特相遇，并对他印象深刻。他说："他是世界上最伟大的著名作曲家。"直到1791年莫扎特去世，他们两人一直是好朋友。

　　　Ludwig van Beethoven (1770－1827) was born in Bonn, Germany. He showed musical talent when he was very young, and learned to play the violin\s\up1(28(28) and piano from his father, who was a singer. Mozart met Beethoven and was impressed by him. "He will give something wonderful\s\up1(29(29) to the world，" he said.

　　Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not impressed by the older man. After they had known each other for many years, Beethoven said, "He is a good composer, but he has taught me nothing\s\up1(30(30)." However\s\up1(31(31)， it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna\s\up1(32(32).

　　Beethoven became very popular\s\up1(33(33) in the Austrian\s\up1(34(34) capital and stayed there for the rest\s\up1(35(35) of his life. As he grew older, he began to go deaf\s\up1(36(36). He became completely deaf during the last years of his life, but he continued composing. 　　\s\up1(28(28)play the violin 拉小提琴，乐器前需加定冠词the。

　　\s\up1(29(29)something wonderful 精彩的东西

　　形容词修饰不定代词需后置。

　　\s\up1(30(30)teach sb. sth. 教某人某事

　　\s\up1(31(31)however adv. 然而，常与后面的成分用逗号隔开。

　　\s\up1(32(32)"It was ... who ..."为强调句型。

　　\s\up1(33(33)popular adj.受欢迎的；受喜爱的

　　be popular in 在......方面受欢迎

　　be popular with 受......的喜爱

　　\s\up1(34(34)Austrian/'ɒstriən/adj.奥地利的

　　\s\up1(35(35)the rest 其余的，剩下的

　　\s\up1(36(36)go deaf 变聋

　　go作为系动词，意为"变得......"，常表示由好的方面向坏的方面变化。