②Having lived in the city many years(＝Since I had lived in the city many years), I knew it well.

　　因为在这个城市住了多年，所以我对它很了解。

　　3．条件状语

　　可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。

　　①Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons), you will succeed.

　　如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。

　　②Not making good use of the time(＝ If you don't make good use of the time), you'll regret.

　　如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。

　　4．方式或伴随状语

　　不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。

　　①The girls came into the classroom, singing and dancing(＝and they sang and danced)．

　　女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。

　　②He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time)．

　　他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。

　　5．结果状语

　　表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句，有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。

　　His father died, leaving him a lot of money(＝and left him a lot of money/which left him a lot of money)．

　　他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。

　　6．让步状语

　　可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。

　　①Knowing all this(＝Although they knew all this), they made me pay for the damage.

　　尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。

　　②Having made up my mind(＝Though I had made up my mind), I still wanted to play.

　　尽管我已下定决心，我仍然想玩。

　　[即时演练2]　句型转换

　　①When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.

　　→Seeingthosepictures,_she remembered her childhood.

　　②Because I don't know his address, I can't send this book to him.

→Notknowinghisaddress,_I can't send this book to him.