般式。当它的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用完成式。
Walking in the street,I met an old friend of mine.
我正在大街上行走时,遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)
Having finished the letter,he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发生的,went是后发生的。)
2.动词ing形式的否定式
动词ing形式的否定式是在它的前面加not。
Not seeing John,I asked where he was.
我看不见约翰,于是问他在什么地方。
3.动词ing形式的语态
使用动词ing形式的主动式还是被动式,这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。
Having been shown around the factory,they were very happy.(they是被带领着参观)
被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。
4.动词ing形式作评注性状语
有少数动词ing(短语)并不表示主语的动作,即不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题,只是表示说话人的态度。常这样用的有:
generally/frankly/properly...speaking
一般/坦白/恰当......说来
judging from/by...从......判断
considering...考虑到......
supposing...假设......
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street,________(turn) the old town into a dreamland.
2.__________(travel)to many places,he knows a lot.