4. 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时；

　 He had an important meeting to attend.

5.在be＋adj.＋to do

English is difficult to learn.

6. be to blame/seek/let

The house is to let.这房子是要出租的.

The cause is not far to seek.原因不难找到.

I felt I was to blame, too.我觉得我也应受责备.

7. sth. need/want/require doing

8.be worth doing

注意: 一些短语中过去分词和现在分词的使用是约定俗成的，应加以记忆，如：worried look (忧虑的表情)，a puzzled girl (迷惑的女孩)，trembling voice/lips(颤抖的嗓音/嘴唇)，shaking hands(颤抖的双手)，generally speaking (一般来说)，judging from/by（根据......来判断）等等。

二、 过去分词的定语和表语功能

定

语 表"完成"或"被动" boiled water开水　　　　　　fallen leaves落叶

the risen sun升起的太阳　　selected apples 精选苹果

spoken English英语口语　　　iced beer冰镇啤酒(

cooked food熟食　　　　　　　fried chips炸土豆条 单个的过去分词作定语时，

常置于其所修饰的名词之前。

The boy looked up with a pleased expression.

　男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。

We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.

我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。

过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。 Near the window，there is a bookshelf filled with many books(=which is filled with many books).

靠近窗户，有一个装满书的书架。

Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was brought up by me)has begun to work now.

由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。

The concert given by their friends was a success.

他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。

注意以下情况：

1. 单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如：

They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。

2. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使