①She reduced her weight by five kilograms.

　　她把体重减轻了5千克。

　　②Your speed must be reduced to the city speed as soon as you cross the border.

　　你一进市区车速就得减到市区的规定速度。

　　 volunteer n．志愿者 vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做

　　(教材P9)Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.

　　因为人们认为强烈的气味可能影响感官，所以，志愿者们在实验前八小时不准吃喝任何东西。

　　(1)volunteer to do sth.　　　自愿干某事

　　(2)voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的；主动的

　　(3)voluntarily adv. 自愿地；主动地

　　①Two men volunteered to search for the missing climber.两个人自告奋勇去寻找那位失踪的登山运动员。

　　②He was not asked to leave-he went voluntarily(voluntary)．没人让他走，是他主动走的。

　　 be related to 和......相关，和......有联系

　　(教材P9)Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain.

　　科学家们对嗅觉是否与疼痛有关感兴趣。

　　relate vi.　　　　　有关联，有联系

　vt. 使互相关联；讲述，叙述

　　relate...to/with... 把......和......联系起来

　　relate to sb./sth. 与某人/物有关