主语和表语或主语与比较状语从句中的主语都为不定式时,to不能被省略。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
It is better to stay here than to go home.
待在这儿比回家更好。
②某些使役动词(如make,let,have)及感官动词(如see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,look at,listen to等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原。
People saw the little hero fall from the tall tree.
人们看到小英雄从高高的树上掉了下来。
The little hero was seen to fall from the tall tree.
小英雄被看到从高高的树上掉了下来。
③help当"帮助"讲时,后面的宾语或宾语补足语的不定式符号to可被省略,也可不省略,但在被动语态中不能省略to。
I will help (to) do it for you.我会给你帮助。
The peasants are often helped to repair tractors by the workers.农民常被工人帮助修拖拉机。
④介词but前若有动词do的任何形式,后面的动词不定式不带to。
There was clearly nothing to do but turn to the police for help.很显然除了向警察寻求帮助,没有别的办法了。
⑤主语从句中有动词do时,后面作表语的动词不定式中的to可以省略。
What he did at last is (to) turn off the light and close the door before he left.
他离开前所做的最后一件事就是熄灯关上门。
(3)连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可以省略,即当虚拟条件句中有were,should或had时,可省去if,并将were,should或had提至条件句的句首。
Were I you (=If I were you),I would accept the job offered by that company.
如果我是你,我会接受那家公司提供的工作。
Should the earth stop moving some day(=If the earth stop moving some day),man would not survive.如果某一天地球停止转动,人类就无法生存了。
(4)在某些状语从句(如时间、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句中),当主从句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省去从句中的主语和be动词。
The professor won't come to give us a lecture unless (he is) invited.除非被邀请,教授不会来给我们做讲座。
(5)在某些状语从句中,从句的主语是it时,其后的be动词连同主语it可一起被省略。
Fill in the blanks with articles where (it is) necessary.
在需要的地方用冠词填空。
I will lend you some money if (it is) possible.
如果可能,我会借钱给你。
(6)than和as引导的比较状语从句,在意义明确的情况下,可省略than和as后面的任何部分。
I am nearly as tall as she (is).我几乎跟她一样高。
A car goes faster than a bicycle (does).
汽车比自行车跑得快。