简单句 主+谓 They disappeared. 他们消失了。 主+谓+宾 He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。

We help each other. 我们互相帮助。 主+谓+间宾+直接宾 I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。

They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。 主+谓+宾+宾补 They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。

I want everything ready by eight o'clock. 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。 主+系+表 She is a university student. 她是一名大学生。

He has become a pilot. 他已成为一名飞行员。 并列句 并列关系and, not only...but also, neither ...nor, both...and, not...but, Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。

Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。

Not couldn't they complete the task, but the task was too tough.

不是他们完不成任务，而是任务太重了。 转折关系but,while（而，尽管）

nevertheless(然而；不过) John likes playing basketball, but he didn't play it yesterday. 约翰喜欢打篮球，但他昨天没打。 选择关系or, otherwise or else, either...or We must hurry, or we'll miss the train. 我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。

Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。 因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and so We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。

He didn't work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.

他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。 复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。 从句有：名词性从句（主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句）

状语从句

定语从句

（详细请看以下各节罗列的内容）